Product Name: Malononitrile
Chemical Formula: C3H2N2
Chemical Family: Nitriles
Synonyms: Propanedinitrile, Malonodinitrile
CAS No: 109-77-3
Recommended Use: Used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs
Supplier Details: Always check the container for up-to-date manufacturer and supplier contact details
Emergency Number: Local poison control center or emergency services
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral, Dermal, Inhalation), Eye Irritation, Skin Irritation
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes serious eye and skin irritation; toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption; may damage organs with repeated or prolonged exposure
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, fumes, or vapor; wash thoroughly after handling; wear protective gloves, clothing, eye, and face protection
Chemical Identity: Malononitrile
Concentration: 98% or higher in pure chemical product
Impurities: Potential contaminants include traces of water, hydrocyanic acid
EC Number: 203-703-2
Molecular Weight: 66.06 g/mol
Inhalation: Move the person out of the exposure area; get fresh air; call emergency services if symptoms such as breathing difficulty appear
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately; rinse skin with running water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation starts or persists
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, removing contact lenses if present and easy to do; seek medical advice promptly
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water; do not induce vomiting; get medical attention right away
Symptoms: May cause nausea, headaches, irritation, dizziness, redness, burning sensation, possible delayed effects on liver and kidneys
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray in large quantities
Unsuitable Media: Avoid spraying water directly onto product if not diluted, as runoff may spread hazard
Hazards from Combustion: Burning releases toxic fumes, including hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen oxides
Protective Equipment: Wear full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus
Fire-Fighting Instructions: Control runoff; keep away from drains and water supplies; evacuate area if fire grows uncontrollable; prevent contact with skin and inhalation of fumes
Spill Procedures: Ventilate area thoroughly; avoid raising dust; use non-sparking tools; collect spillage in closed, labeled containers for disposal
Personal Protection: Use chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, and proper respiratory gear
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains, sewers, or natural water bodies
Decontamination: Wash down spill area with copious water after containment and removal
Disposal: Dispose of all waste according to local regulations, hazard category, and proper labeling
Precautions: Use only in well-ventilated places; handle in accordance with good laboratory practices; prevent release into the environment
Storage Requirements: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area inside tightly closed, chemical-resistant containers
Container Materials: Use containers made of compatible materials, avoiding metals that may trigger reaction
Segregation: Keep away from strong acids, bases, oxidizers, and foodstuffs
Labeling: Make sure every container shows hazard signs and product details clearly
Control Parameters: Check any occupational exposure limits set by your country; avoid exceeding recommended airborne concentrations
Ventilation: Install local exhaust or general mechanical ventilation where handling occurs
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical splash goggles, impervious gloves, lab coats or aprons, face shield for large volumes
Respiratory Protection: Use an approved vapor or particulate respirator if ventilation does not keep exposure below limits
Hygiene: Wash hands and face thoroughly before eating, drinking, or leaving work area; never reuse contaminated protective equipment
Appearance: White crystalline solid or powder
Odor: Slight, sharp
Melting Point: 32 – 33 °C
Boiling Point: 220 – 222 °C
Solubility: Moderately soluble in water; soluble in ethanol and other polar organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Density: 1.143 g/cm³ at 20 °C
pH (solution): Slightly acidic
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): -0.17
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under ordinary temperatures and recommended storage conditions
Hazardous Reactions: Forms hazardous cyanide species under heat or with acids
Conditions to Avoid: High temperatures, open flame, direct sunlight, sources of ignition, acidic or basic conditions
Incompatible Substances: Strong oxidizers, acids, bases, reducing agents
Decomposition Products: Produces toxic gases like hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide if overheated or mixed with incompatible substances
Acute Toxicity: Highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact (LD50 – rat, oral: 25–60 mg/kg)
Short-Term Effects: Causes eye and skin irritation, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal upset
Long-Term Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure may result in liver, kidney, or nervous system damage
Symptoms: Dizziness, weakness, rapid heartbeat, nausea, convulsions in higher exposures
Routes of Exposure: Absorbed rapidly through digestive tract, lungs, or skin
Cancer/Mutagenicity: No established links to human cancer; not classified as carcinogenic by major agencies
Sensitization: May cause allergic skin response or sensitization in rare cases
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life; large spills can cause significant fish kills or damage to aquatic ecosystems
Persistence and Degradability: Breaks down slowly in soil and water; may persist for extended periods under some conditions
Bioaccumulation: Log Kow value suggests low potential for bioaccumulation in organisms
Mobility in Soil: High solubility leads to mobility through soil to groundwater
Aquatic Toxicity Data: LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 50–80 mg/L (varies by species)
Other Adverse Effects: Significant environmental hazard if not managed and disposed properly
Disposal Methods: Place waste and contaminated materials in sealed, labeled hazardous waste containers; incinerate in approved facility with flue gas scrubber
Do Not: Dispose product down the drain, into sewers, or with regular garbage, as environmental and health risks rise
Regulatory Compliance: Follow local and national regulations for hazardous waste; check for any specific reporting requirements
Contaminated Containers: Triple rinse with suitable solvent before disposal; treat as hazardous unless thoroughly cleaned
UN Number: 2811
UN Proper Shipping Name: Toxic Solid, Organic, N.O.S. (Malononitrile)
Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Labels: Toxic
Transport Regulations: Subject to strict control under ADR, IMDG, IATA; keep container tightly sealed; secure against shifting during transit
Special Precautions: Do not transport with food or animal feed; ensure integrity of packaging and clear hazard labels
Labeling: Classified and labeled under GHS and local regulations as highly toxic and hazardous
Inventory Status: Listed in major chemical inventories (TSCA, EINECS, DSL, AICS)
Workplace Restrictions: Use restricted under occupational safety laws; regular training and documentation required
Reporting: Subject to reporting under emergency planning and community right-to-know rules in some countries
Other Requirements: Check employer safety program, hazard communication standards, and environmental emissions limits before ordering or using the substance
