Product Name: Isobutyronitrile
Chemical Formula: C4H7N
Synonyms: 2-Methylpropanenitrile, Isobutyronitril
CAS Number: 78-82-0
Intended Use: Organic synthesis, solvent, research chemical
Supplier Details: Listed supplier addresses and emergency contacts on packaging
Emergency Phone: Company-provided emergency line listed on product container
Recommended Restrictions: Restricted to laboratory and industrial professionals, not intended for household use
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), eye and respiratory irritant, flammable liquid
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, causes serious eye damage, toxic through inhalation, skin absorption risk, flammable liquid and vapor
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, flame, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Make sure to wash hands after handling, avoid breathing vapors, keep away from ignition sources, use explosion-proof equipment, wear protection for eyes, face, and skin
Other Hazards: Prolonged exposure can lead to nervous system effects, risk of chemical burns if splashed in eyes, risk of asphyxiation in poorly ventilated areas
Chemical Name: Isobutyronitrile
Concentration: 99% or greater in commercial products
CAS Number: 78-82-0
Impurities: Minimal, manufacturer specifics may list trace stabilizers or byproducts
Mixtures: Sold as a pure substance, not typically available as part of a mixture for general use
Eye Contact: Flush with water for many minutes, remove contact lenses if present, seek medical advice quickly
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and running water, remove contaminated clothes, medical attention if irritation or persistent pain
Inhalation: Move to fresh air right away, oxygen or artificial respiration if symptoms show, call for medical help as cyanosis or central nervous system depression can be a risk
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, medical intervention critical as poisoning risk is high
Symptoms of Overexposure: Drowsiness, headache, confusion, convulsions, difficulty breathing, cyanosis, risk of coma
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Regular foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, don’t use water jets directly on the liquid
Fire Hazards: Ignites easily at room temperature, vapor forms explosive mixtures with air
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides
Special Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-resistant suit for firefighters
Firefighting Instructions: Isolate area, cool containers with water spray but avoid direct contact, evacuate all personnel not engaged in firefighting, prevent runoff from entering drains or water supplies
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, avoid breathing vapors, wear suitable protective clothing including full face protection and gloves
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage or runoff into drains, surface water or soil, containment using sand or inert absorbent
Clean-Up Methods: Absorb small spills with non-combustible material, shovel into containers for later disposal, for large spills use vapor-suppressing foam, don’t return collected product to original container
Notification Procedures: Alert emergency services, follow workplace environmental reporting requirements
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated spaces, ground all containers during transfer, avoid contact with skin and eyes, don’t inhale vapors, avoid sources of heat, sparks, or open flames, wash thoroughly after handling
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed original containers, away from oxidizers and acids, cool, dry, well-ventilated areas, away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials
Packaging Materials: Use containers that resist solvent action, keep away from food and beverages, don’t reuse empty packaging for other chemicals
Occupational Exposure Limits: Consult local regulations, no U.S. OSHA PEL established, but general vapor threshold limits (ACGIH) exist for similar nitriles
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hoods, explosion-proof ventilation, process enclosures as needed
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, nitrile gloves, flame-resistant laboratory coat, respiratory protection if ventilation is poor or airborne concentrations exceed reliable limits
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing promptly, wash hands thoroughly before eating or smoking, routine health surveillance for employees working with high quantities
Appearance: Clear colorless liquid
Odor: Pungent, disagreeable
Melting Point: -90°C
Boiling Point: 99-101°C
Flash Point: 9°C (closed cup)
Autoignition Temperature: 475°C
Explosive Limits: Lower 2.1% / Upper 10.4% (in air)
Vapor Pressure: About 70 mmHg at 20°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, mixes with organic solvents
Density: 0.78 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
Viscosity: Low, similar to other small nitriles
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage, avoid high heat
Reactivity: May react strongly with oxidizing substances, acids, alkalis
Hazardous Reactions: Vapors may form explosive mixtures, possible hazardous polymerization not reported
Decomposition: Heating causes strong releases of toxic fumes including hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide
Incompatibility: Powerful oxidizers, strong acids, alkali metals, direct sunlight, moisture can accelerate degradation
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, accidental ingestion
Acute Toxicity: LD50 oral (rat): 282 mg/kg, inhalation toxic, can cause rapid-onset systemic symptoms
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure linked to liver and kidney damage, central nervous system depression
Symptoms: Irritation to skin, eyes, mucous membranes, nausea, headaches, convulsions, potential fatal respiratory failure at high exposure
Cancer Risk: No clear evidence for carcinogenicity, limited long-term studies on humans
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms, risk of bioaccumulation if released in quantity
Fate in Environment: Moderately volatile, limited biodegradability, risk of groundwater contamination through runoff
Persistence: Stays in soil and water for lengths of time, not quickly broken down by common bacteria
Precautions: Avoid disposal in drains and natural water sources, follow all local and federal rules to keep it contained
Waste Treatment Methods: Use a licensed hazardous waste contractor, incinerate in a chemical incinerator with afterburner and scrubber
Packaging Disposal: Treat the container as hazardous chemical waste even after emptying, triple rinse, puncture before sending for regulated collection
Regulatory Procedures: Follow strict labeling and manifesting for all chemical collection, adhere to regional hazardous waste codes (e.g. EPA RCRA regulations)
UN Number: UN 2286
DOT Proper Shipping Name: Isobutyronitrile
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Labels Required: Flammable liquid, toxic substance
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant status as per shipping authority, report accidental releases immediately to proper agencies
Special Precautions for Transport: Don’t ship with food, keep upright, ventilate containers during carriage, placard vehicles per legal requirements
OSHA Status: Hazardous as defined by Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
TSCA Listing: On U.S. inventory
EPA SARA Title III: Listed (Section 313, toxic chemical)
Other International Regulations: EU REACH registration, Australian, Canadian, Japanese chemical inventories
Labeling: GHS-compliant, keep hazard and precautionary phrases visible, reference Safety Data Sheet at all work areas
Restrictions: Not for sale or use except to qualified, licensed users, banned for general consumer distribution in many regions
